A new species, Isostigma sparsifolium G. Peter, from central Brazil (State of Goiás), resembles I. brasiliense (Gardner) Bentham & Hooker f. in habit; both species are perennial, with stems branched at the base, ascendant, with peduncles erect, involucres bell-shaped, capitula up to 9 mm high and 12 mm in diameter, and the pappus aristae completely hispid. Nevertheless, I. sparsifolium can be distinguished by its pinnatisect leaves distributed along the stems, the stems winged, the peduncles shorter, and the ray corollas white.